Oct 19, 2015 — The Nomadic
Fulanis have over the years, built up resentment among many farming
communities, which have lost billions of naira worth of crops to grazing
activity. Lives and property have also been lost in clashes between the
Fulani herdsmen and farmers. However, the kidnapping of former
secretary to the Federal Government, Chief Olu Falae by herdsmen has
added a new dimension to the menace of the cattle Fulani, which has
fuelled ethnic tensions and call for a permanent solution to this
problem. Paul Omo Obadan examines the situation and how all citizens can
enjoy their constitutional rights without trampling on that of others.
Barely two weeks after some Fulani herdsmen attacked and kidnapped the former Secretary to the Government of the Federation, Chief Olu Falae, right on his farmland in Akure, Ondo State, a group of herdsmen have again allegedly attacked and destroyed the same farm. According to the farm Manager, Bruno Akhigbodemen, while conducting newsmen round the farm located at Ilado in Akure North Council area of Ondo State, over one square kilometer plantation of maize was destroyed during the invasion.
Akhigbodemen said that the Herdsmen stormed the farm with their cows and wrecked the havoc despite the horrible experience the workers and their boss had in the last two weeks sequel to their menace.
“Efforts by the guards to prevent the destruction of the farmland were rebuffed as they were threatened by the herdsmen until their cows grazed to their satisfaction. This incident is coming after his kidnap and payment of N5m ransom to free him from his abductors.”
The former Minister for Finance has been having a running battle with the Fulani herdsmen whose cows have on several occasions destroyed his crops. The latest destruction according to findings is the fifth within two months. Before his kidnap, two Fulani herdsmen were arrested and detained for destroying over N500,000 worth of farm products. They were released after some of their leaders wrote an undertaking that they would pay compensation and would not encroach on the farm again.
Three weeks after the incident, Falae was abducted by gun wielding Fulani herdsmen on the same farmland and was released after 72 hours. This unfortunate incidence has brought to the fore, the menace of the herdsmen and the need to deal with the issue promptly before it spirals into an ethnic conflagration.
It is has also brought to the front burner the lacuna of tolerance amongst the various ethnic groups in the country. In this case, the Fulani herdsmen from the Northern part of Nigeria.
Herdsmen have over the years contributed their quota to the economy of Nigeria. The place of Fulani herdsmen is inevitably important as they have sustained the production and sale of meat in markets across the country.
However, despite this positive inclination, their activities in recent times leave much to be desired, according to reports. The conflict between the Fulani herdsmen and the farmers usually arise when the former invade community farmland with their cattle and let them graze unrestricted both on cultivated and uncultivated land thereby destroying valuable food and cash crops, which are the mainstay of the host communities. When the communities try to resist them and request their exit, the Fulani herdsmen become violent and attack the community. Armed with sophisticated weapons, including AK 47 rifles, they usually attack their target communities at the time they are most vulnerable such as at night or on Sundays when they are in their churches, killing people with impunity, mostly women and children, burning houses and looting properties. The Middle Belt has been the worst hit with communities in Plateau, Nassarawa and Benue states suffering a heavy toll in human lives and property.
The history of the Fulani encroachment on private land in Northern Nigeria tells a story of bitter conflict down the years, especially between the unwelcome guests and the Tivs on the Plateau. There is the story of how the Fulanis would leave many of their animals to graze all over the rich valleys and hillsides of the plateau, at the beginning of each season, while they wandered away with the rest to seek pasture in other parts for more greenery, to the consternation of the landowners. On their return, the nomadic herdsmen would simply gather their cattle, which would meanwhile have grown fat, and be on their way.
The Tivs then devised a plan to deal with their unwanted guests. They simply ate many of the cows and sheep that were left behind at the beginning of the season and waited for the owners. When the Fulani herdsmen returned for their cattle at the end of the season, the Tiv looked them straight in the face and blantantly confessed, “Munchi.” That is, “We have eaten them.”
This resulted in several conflagrations with the Tivs being victorious since they had the home advantage and were themselves steeped in a culture of warfare. The Fulani hardly gave up but spread their search for grazing fields to other parts of the country like Kwara State. From Kwara, they spread their tentacles to the South-West and South-East.
Most worrisome is the brutality and impunity with which the herdsmen operate without regard for the law and the sanctity of life coupled with the inability of the Nigeria Police to defend the victims mercilessly slaughtered in their homes.
According to a Public Analyst and strategist, Ayodeji Taofik Sobulo, it is unfortunate that this level of criminal impunity is happening in a sovereign state with a constitution, which declares that the security and welfare of the citizens shall be a major responsibility of the state.
“I think our government should do more in the area of security and protection of lives and properties not only in affected areas but also all over the country.
The government must urgently summon the political will to forge a lasting solution to the Fulani herdsmen and farmers clashes to prevent its escalation into tribal wars and to avert further loss of lives and property.
The FG must as a matter of priority reposition the intelligence agencies, the police to stop the attacks, killing and wanton destruction of property by the Fulani militia and retaliatory attacks by the victims. They need to be arrested, disarmed, prosecuted and jailed if guilty while their sponsors should be smoked out and brought to justice,” he said.
There pertinent questions begging for answers. Is there a clandestine agenda of the herdsmen? Who are those arming the Fulani herdsmen to unleash mayhem on innocent and defenseless Nigerians? Why are the police incapable of protecting the farmers from violent attacks by Fulani herdsmen? Is it true that they are better armed and sometimes out-number the police? Why is it difficult for the Federal Government to contain the terror of the herdsmen? Why is it that the Fulani herdsmen alleged to be behind the inhuman killings and destruction of property in the affected states and indeed across the country always get away with their crimes without being brought to justice?
Analysts believe that there is certainly grave danger ahead because some of the ethnic nationalities incessantly attacked by the Fulani militia have warned that if the government fails to protect them, they are left with no other choice than to form their own militia to defend themselves and their land from the marauders.
Yoruba leaders give red card to Fulani herdsmen
For instance, Yoruba leaders have been spitting fire and brimstone against the backdrop of the abduction of Chief Olu Falae. Prominent Yoruba leaders rose from an emergency summit in Ibadan, the Oyo State capital a fortnight ago and handed a red card to Fulani herdsmen in the South-West.
The leaders, who include President of Yoruba Council of Elders (YCE), General Adeyinka Adebayo (rtd), who was a former military governor of the defunct Western Region; Chairman of pan-Yoruba socio-cultural and political organization, Afenifere, Chief Ayo Adebanjo amongst others. They all frowned at the abduction of Falae and described it as unacceptable to the Yoruba race. In the communiqué read to reporters by Dr. Kunle Olajide, Yoruba leaders sought an end to grazing in Yoruba land and directed all nomadic herdsmen to wind up their activities in the region. Failure to adhere, according to them, may lead to a breakdown of law and order.
The communiqué also demanded immediate arrest and trial of culprits involved in the kidnap of Falae, adding that those found culpable in the alleged killing and torture of farmers on their farmlands by the herdsmen should be dealt with accordingly.
“The return of the herdsmen to his farm on Monday, October 6, 2015, to continue their mindless grazing is to us an open declaration of war on the Yoruba people by these invaders. The summit was not unmindful of the fact that the ordeal of Chief Falae is a continuation of the series of attacks these herdsmen have inflicted on our farmers over the years in their contempt for our land and the people therein, which now appears to mean nothing to them than a grazing reserve,” the communiqué read in part.
However, in a reaction to the statement by the Association of Fulani Chiefs of South West Nigeria and Miyeti Allah Cattle Breeders Association of Nigeria, MACBAN, that banning nomadic cattle rearing as proposed by Afenifere is a violation of 1999 Constitution.
Afenifere Chieftain, Yinka Odumakin described the Fulini leaders’ position as absurd and inconsiderate. He insisted that the South West has had enough of the marauding activities of the Fulani herdsmen which must end.
He said: “The Cattle Rearers Association quoting the constitution and other treaties to justify the violation of our people by the Fulani herdsmen is quite absurd and very inconsiderate. Do those laws they quoted abolished the rights of our people at the appearance of herdsmen? If they insisted nomadic grazing is a way of life for the Fulani, why are they not doing it on their soil since the north has the biggest land mass?
“We insist that we have had enough of the marauding activities of the Fulani herdsmen on our land, he said.”
However Sunday Mirror findings dug out a twist to the whole imbroglio as a native Yoruba and Professor of Islamic studies in the Department of Religions, Lagos State University, (LASU), Is-Haq Akintola said that the various ethnic groups are still not integrated in the country.
According to him, “Some of us in the South have this dogma about the North/South dichotomy and we believe everything from the North must be bad. And instead of accommodating people from the North, we are hostile. This may have formed the background for what is happening presently.”
He also said that the abductors of Chief Olu Falae are not the Fulani herdsmen. “I don’t want us to make that mistake of believing that Fulani herdsmen were the ones who came to kidnap Chief Olu Falae for two major reasons. One, they have never been known to be involved in kidnapping. And two, it was a ploy by the kidnappers to keep the police away from their trail and send them on a wrong trail. And the kidnappers actually succeeded.
Also incensed by the vituperations of the Yoruba leaders, the National President, Arewa Youth Consultative Forum, AYCF, Alhaji Shettima Yerima, who spoke to Sunday Mirror in a telephone chat said the utterances of the South-West leaders to say the least, is unpleasant and capable of plunging the nation into unnecessary crisis. Yerima also noted that the position of the pan-Yoruba group was an embarrassment and disappointment to the North.
His words: “It is unfair and unfortunate. I am working and collaborating with leaders of Fulani herdsmen from all over the geo-political zones of the country to find a lasting solution to the imbroglio. Very soon, we will come out with a communiqué,” he said.
A public affairs commentator, Mr. Olubodun Yusuf, however said the only way to forestall this is to stop the proliferation of arms in the country and if I may tell you something, during the election we all saw a large amount of arms on our streets and after the elections where have they all gone to, some for robbery, cultism, land grabbing and other nefarious activities and this include our borders. Sometimes ago, a military man was slaughtered on the long bridge going to Ibadan by this same herdsmen and till date nothing was done.
We need adequate security in all parts of the country and the government can introduce what we have in Lagos, (Neighbourhood Watch) all over the country. This is how the dreaded Boko Haram sect started in Nigeria and because the government of the day then was not ready to nip it in the bud, it has festered to a monster that we are struggling to curtail, and if care is not taken we will lose our grip on the Fulani herdsmen.
Clashes threat to peace and unity
Barrister Emmanuel Nwaghodoh, is a Staff Attorney with Social and Economic Rights Center (SERAC), an NGO that protects the social and economic rights of Nigerians.
He argued that the clashes between the Fulani and farmers is another major threat to the peace and unity of this country.
“It started some years back and people seem not to realise where they are coming from and how far they are going. Few years back now, it has become a serious threat not just among the Western states but all parts of the country. Even recently, the kidnap of the elder statesman has also been attributed to the activities of Fulani herdsmen. The government needs to see it as a serious security threat and begin to put in motion machinery on how to curtail the activities of the Fulani herdsmen.
I see it as a task that is beyond the state governors. I am looking at a situation where the Federal Ministry of Agriculture begins to put in place designated grazing areas in some states. It could be in the six geo-political zones. So that even if they migrate from the North, and come to the South, instead of moving from one community to the other destroying people’s crops, they just move straight to the designated grazing ground and begin to raise their cattle there.
Since they are mainly from the North, northern governors should also do more to also curtail the incessant movement. I know that five states in the North could take care of all the grazing of all the cattle in this country. But if they feel five states is not enough that each state in the North including also the Middle Belt should set up areas for grazing to minimize their movement from the North to the South,” he said.
However, the last administration of former President Goodluck Jonathan budgeted N100 billion to begin the first phase of the resettling of the herdsmen. What has become of that plan or the project? The resurgence of kidnapping and other forms of insecurity show that Nigeria still has a long way to go, in making the country safe. The situation should be checked before it spins out of control.
They should be checked and seek other modern ways to feed their cows.
A stitch in time saves nine.
Reverend Ayo-Oluwa Ogunyemi, Chairman LACOMFOR, said “The Yorubas should not be tempted into waging reprisal attacks against their assailants in order to safeguard their lives, properties and territories. The mantra of this administration is change.
“One of the changes I want to see is the difference in the way the Fulani nomads earn their livelihood
The Federal Government already has enough of inherited security challenges to cope with which are yet to be resolved. And so these criminal elements within the Fulani herdsmen fold should be put in checked before their activities become another inglorious national phenomena. It should not be allowed to snowball into another security storm where some unscrupulous politicians can profit from as the case may be with the Boko Haram issue now.
Frankly speaking, while the Yorubas duly recognise the Fulani herdsmen as their fellow countrymen and brothers, however the criminal elements among them, who have constituted themselves into social menace should be flushed out after scrutiny/ due process without further delay."
http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/fulani-herdsmen-vs-farmers-time-bomb-in-the-making/
Barely two weeks after some Fulani herdsmen attacked and kidnapped the former Secretary to the Government of the Federation, Chief Olu Falae, right on his farmland in Akure, Ondo State, a group of herdsmen have again allegedly attacked and destroyed the same farm. According to the farm Manager, Bruno Akhigbodemen, while conducting newsmen round the farm located at Ilado in Akure North Council area of Ondo State, over one square kilometer plantation of maize was destroyed during the invasion.
Akhigbodemen said that the Herdsmen stormed the farm with their cows and wrecked the havoc despite the horrible experience the workers and their boss had in the last two weeks sequel to their menace.
“Efforts by the guards to prevent the destruction of the farmland were rebuffed as they were threatened by the herdsmen until their cows grazed to their satisfaction. This incident is coming after his kidnap and payment of N5m ransom to free him from his abductors.”
The former Minister for Finance has been having a running battle with the Fulani herdsmen whose cows have on several occasions destroyed his crops. The latest destruction according to findings is the fifth within two months. Before his kidnap, two Fulani herdsmen were arrested and detained for destroying over N500,000 worth of farm products. They were released after some of their leaders wrote an undertaking that they would pay compensation and would not encroach on the farm again.
Three weeks after the incident, Falae was abducted by gun wielding Fulani herdsmen on the same farmland and was released after 72 hours. This unfortunate incidence has brought to the fore, the menace of the herdsmen and the need to deal with the issue promptly before it spirals into an ethnic conflagration.
It is has also brought to the front burner the lacuna of tolerance amongst the various ethnic groups in the country. In this case, the Fulani herdsmen from the Northern part of Nigeria.
Herdsmen have over the years contributed their quota to the economy of Nigeria. The place of Fulani herdsmen is inevitably important as they have sustained the production and sale of meat in markets across the country.
However, despite this positive inclination, their activities in recent times leave much to be desired, according to reports. The conflict between the Fulani herdsmen and the farmers usually arise when the former invade community farmland with their cattle and let them graze unrestricted both on cultivated and uncultivated land thereby destroying valuable food and cash crops, which are the mainstay of the host communities. When the communities try to resist them and request their exit, the Fulani herdsmen become violent and attack the community. Armed with sophisticated weapons, including AK 47 rifles, they usually attack their target communities at the time they are most vulnerable such as at night or on Sundays when they are in their churches, killing people with impunity, mostly women and children, burning houses and looting properties. The Middle Belt has been the worst hit with communities in Plateau, Nassarawa and Benue states suffering a heavy toll in human lives and property.
The history of the Fulani encroachment on private land in Northern Nigeria tells a story of bitter conflict down the years, especially between the unwelcome guests and the Tivs on the Plateau. There is the story of how the Fulanis would leave many of their animals to graze all over the rich valleys and hillsides of the plateau, at the beginning of each season, while they wandered away with the rest to seek pasture in other parts for more greenery, to the consternation of the landowners. On their return, the nomadic herdsmen would simply gather their cattle, which would meanwhile have grown fat, and be on their way.
The Tivs then devised a plan to deal with their unwanted guests. They simply ate many of the cows and sheep that were left behind at the beginning of the season and waited for the owners. When the Fulani herdsmen returned for their cattle at the end of the season, the Tiv looked them straight in the face and blantantly confessed, “Munchi.” That is, “We have eaten them.”
This resulted in several conflagrations with the Tivs being victorious since they had the home advantage and were themselves steeped in a culture of warfare. The Fulani hardly gave up but spread their search for grazing fields to other parts of the country like Kwara State. From Kwara, they spread their tentacles to the South-West and South-East.
Most worrisome is the brutality and impunity with which the herdsmen operate without regard for the law and the sanctity of life coupled with the inability of the Nigeria Police to defend the victims mercilessly slaughtered in their homes.
According to a Public Analyst and strategist, Ayodeji Taofik Sobulo, it is unfortunate that this level of criminal impunity is happening in a sovereign state with a constitution, which declares that the security and welfare of the citizens shall be a major responsibility of the state.
“I think our government should do more in the area of security and protection of lives and properties not only in affected areas but also all over the country.
The government must urgently summon the political will to forge a lasting solution to the Fulani herdsmen and farmers clashes to prevent its escalation into tribal wars and to avert further loss of lives and property.
The FG must as a matter of priority reposition the intelligence agencies, the police to stop the attacks, killing and wanton destruction of property by the Fulani militia and retaliatory attacks by the victims. They need to be arrested, disarmed, prosecuted and jailed if guilty while their sponsors should be smoked out and brought to justice,” he said.
There pertinent questions begging for answers. Is there a clandestine agenda of the herdsmen? Who are those arming the Fulani herdsmen to unleash mayhem on innocent and defenseless Nigerians? Why are the police incapable of protecting the farmers from violent attacks by Fulani herdsmen? Is it true that they are better armed and sometimes out-number the police? Why is it difficult for the Federal Government to contain the terror of the herdsmen? Why is it that the Fulani herdsmen alleged to be behind the inhuman killings and destruction of property in the affected states and indeed across the country always get away with their crimes without being brought to justice?
Analysts believe that there is certainly grave danger ahead because some of the ethnic nationalities incessantly attacked by the Fulani militia have warned that if the government fails to protect them, they are left with no other choice than to form their own militia to defend themselves and their land from the marauders.
Yoruba leaders give red card to Fulani herdsmen
For instance, Yoruba leaders have been spitting fire and brimstone against the backdrop of the abduction of Chief Olu Falae. Prominent Yoruba leaders rose from an emergency summit in Ibadan, the Oyo State capital a fortnight ago and handed a red card to Fulani herdsmen in the South-West.
The leaders, who include President of Yoruba Council of Elders (YCE), General Adeyinka Adebayo (rtd), who was a former military governor of the defunct Western Region; Chairman of pan-Yoruba socio-cultural and political organization, Afenifere, Chief Ayo Adebanjo amongst others. They all frowned at the abduction of Falae and described it as unacceptable to the Yoruba race. In the communiqué read to reporters by Dr. Kunle Olajide, Yoruba leaders sought an end to grazing in Yoruba land and directed all nomadic herdsmen to wind up their activities in the region. Failure to adhere, according to them, may lead to a breakdown of law and order.
The communiqué also demanded immediate arrest and trial of culprits involved in the kidnap of Falae, adding that those found culpable in the alleged killing and torture of farmers on their farmlands by the herdsmen should be dealt with accordingly.
“The return of the herdsmen to his farm on Monday, October 6, 2015, to continue their mindless grazing is to us an open declaration of war on the Yoruba people by these invaders. The summit was not unmindful of the fact that the ordeal of Chief Falae is a continuation of the series of attacks these herdsmen have inflicted on our farmers over the years in their contempt for our land and the people therein, which now appears to mean nothing to them than a grazing reserve,” the communiqué read in part.
However, in a reaction to the statement by the Association of Fulani Chiefs of South West Nigeria and Miyeti Allah Cattle Breeders Association of Nigeria, MACBAN, that banning nomadic cattle rearing as proposed by Afenifere is a violation of 1999 Constitution.
Afenifere Chieftain, Yinka Odumakin described the Fulini leaders’ position as absurd and inconsiderate. He insisted that the South West has had enough of the marauding activities of the Fulani herdsmen which must end.
He said: “The Cattle Rearers Association quoting the constitution and other treaties to justify the violation of our people by the Fulani herdsmen is quite absurd and very inconsiderate. Do those laws they quoted abolished the rights of our people at the appearance of herdsmen? If they insisted nomadic grazing is a way of life for the Fulani, why are they not doing it on their soil since the north has the biggest land mass?
“We insist that we have had enough of the marauding activities of the Fulani herdsmen on our land, he said.”
However Sunday Mirror findings dug out a twist to the whole imbroglio as a native Yoruba and Professor of Islamic studies in the Department of Religions, Lagos State University, (LASU), Is-Haq Akintola said that the various ethnic groups are still not integrated in the country.
According to him, “Some of us in the South have this dogma about the North/South dichotomy and we believe everything from the North must be bad. And instead of accommodating people from the North, we are hostile. This may have formed the background for what is happening presently.”
He also said that the abductors of Chief Olu Falae are not the Fulani herdsmen. “I don’t want us to make that mistake of believing that Fulani herdsmen were the ones who came to kidnap Chief Olu Falae for two major reasons. One, they have never been known to be involved in kidnapping. And two, it was a ploy by the kidnappers to keep the police away from their trail and send them on a wrong trail. And the kidnappers actually succeeded.
Also incensed by the vituperations of the Yoruba leaders, the National President, Arewa Youth Consultative Forum, AYCF, Alhaji Shettima Yerima, who spoke to Sunday Mirror in a telephone chat said the utterances of the South-West leaders to say the least, is unpleasant and capable of plunging the nation into unnecessary crisis. Yerima also noted that the position of the pan-Yoruba group was an embarrassment and disappointment to the North.
His words: “It is unfair and unfortunate. I am working and collaborating with leaders of Fulani herdsmen from all over the geo-political zones of the country to find a lasting solution to the imbroglio. Very soon, we will come out with a communiqué,” he said.
A public affairs commentator, Mr. Olubodun Yusuf, however said the only way to forestall this is to stop the proliferation of arms in the country and if I may tell you something, during the election we all saw a large amount of arms on our streets and after the elections where have they all gone to, some for robbery, cultism, land grabbing and other nefarious activities and this include our borders. Sometimes ago, a military man was slaughtered on the long bridge going to Ibadan by this same herdsmen and till date nothing was done.
We need adequate security in all parts of the country and the government can introduce what we have in Lagos, (Neighbourhood Watch) all over the country. This is how the dreaded Boko Haram sect started in Nigeria and because the government of the day then was not ready to nip it in the bud, it has festered to a monster that we are struggling to curtail, and if care is not taken we will lose our grip on the Fulani herdsmen.
Clashes threat to peace and unity
Barrister Emmanuel Nwaghodoh, is a Staff Attorney with Social and Economic Rights Center (SERAC), an NGO that protects the social and economic rights of Nigerians.
He argued that the clashes between the Fulani and farmers is another major threat to the peace and unity of this country.
“It started some years back and people seem not to realise where they are coming from and how far they are going. Few years back now, it has become a serious threat not just among the Western states but all parts of the country. Even recently, the kidnap of the elder statesman has also been attributed to the activities of Fulani herdsmen. The government needs to see it as a serious security threat and begin to put in motion machinery on how to curtail the activities of the Fulani herdsmen.
I see it as a task that is beyond the state governors. I am looking at a situation where the Federal Ministry of Agriculture begins to put in place designated grazing areas in some states. It could be in the six geo-political zones. So that even if they migrate from the North, and come to the South, instead of moving from one community to the other destroying people’s crops, they just move straight to the designated grazing ground and begin to raise their cattle there.
Since they are mainly from the North, northern governors should also do more to also curtail the incessant movement. I know that five states in the North could take care of all the grazing of all the cattle in this country. But if they feel five states is not enough that each state in the North including also the Middle Belt should set up areas for grazing to minimize their movement from the North to the South,” he said.
However, the last administration of former President Goodluck Jonathan budgeted N100 billion to begin the first phase of the resettling of the herdsmen. What has become of that plan or the project? The resurgence of kidnapping and other forms of insecurity show that Nigeria still has a long way to go, in making the country safe. The situation should be checked before it spins out of control.
They should be checked and seek other modern ways to feed their cows.
A stitch in time saves nine.
Reverend Ayo-Oluwa Ogunyemi, Chairman LACOMFOR, said “The Yorubas should not be tempted into waging reprisal attacks against their assailants in order to safeguard their lives, properties and territories. The mantra of this administration is change.
“One of the changes I want to see is the difference in the way the Fulani nomads earn their livelihood
The Federal Government already has enough of inherited security challenges to cope with which are yet to be resolved. And so these criminal elements within the Fulani herdsmen fold should be put in checked before their activities become another inglorious national phenomena. It should not be allowed to snowball into another security storm where some unscrupulous politicians can profit from as the case may be with the Boko Haram issue now.
Frankly speaking, while the Yorubas duly recognise the Fulani herdsmen as their fellow countrymen and brothers, however the criminal elements among them, who have constituted themselves into social menace should be flushed out after scrutiny/ due process without further delay."
http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/fulani-herdsmen-vs-farmers-time-bomb-in-the-making/
